Learning English Essay

The English language has paced a long way on upgrading the holistic system – personal, professional and economic elevation of peoples’ lives. It has uplifted a country’s modern status through its elaborated way of touching human lives. In the context of complex and fast fluxed present situation, English language to the global market has taken vast undertakings on boasting a country’s development. Thus, English is a prerequisite to the learners who definitely need to be bilingual so as to be flexible to the dynamics of modern changes. To Brown (2000) becoming bilingual is a way of life, for it is difficult for a country to live on isolation, as no nation can afford to rely on its domestic store of knowledge alone, hence there is a need for students to learn English as a second language in the Philippines. English is the language of international communication, higher learning and better career options and choices. And due to its significance as a global language, Philippines’ basic education considers English as a major subject for the elementary and secondary levels of learning. In order to be effective with the current pedagogic system, teaching English as a subject should always be natural, agreeable and stimulating to expect optimum learning results because a motivated student who is eager to learn and acquire language skills, upturn good responses to their mentors. Educators, however, clearly admit that, most of the students commonly encounter difficulties in learning English language as a subject. Though, it provides an immense stream of knowledge to the academic clienteles still the learning of English has for its goal developing communicative competence which is essential in enabling learners to use language in multiple functions both correctly and appropriately. Considering the students as the most crucial key elements for a progressive nation, teachers must channel on numerous ways to prepare students to become proficient and skillful in communication to be more competitive. Moreover, they should profoundly analyze that honing student skills is more than feeding them the right grammar rules or assisting them to master their four macro skills. Tapping their skills and harnessing their full potentials is of great use in promoting interactive and dynamic learning in the classroom using approaches and methodologies from conventional to the non-traditional  if only to provide opportunities for students to learn the English language effectively. The ability of the students to use English is required in interactional learning activities where they create novel utterances and understand meaning in situational context. Sad to say, however, that there is a continuous decline of the quality of English learning in our education today. The language problem, particularly the deteriorating quality of English in many schools poses a threat to the efficiency and quality of the educational system as the English language is the medium of both instruction and the learning process in the secondary and tertiary levels of learning.

Bailout shq

The research paper sheds light on George W. Bush $700 billion bailout package, the underlying cause of its release, expected effects, achieved results and future implication in mitigating the severity of US economy in particular and global in general What makes it important? Economy contaminated, debts and deficits escalating, spraining military, image tattering, all but accompanied with the emergence of a new league of Global contenders.Is the American capitalism on the recede, do we see the fading American way of life’ the demise of American dream, is the prodigious military might losing its edge, are the very foundations of democracy, freedom and justice debauched, has really the Global American leadership paled, is this the emanation of era of vacuity or does there lie hope of return anew? Thus the bailout package ‘last in line of Bush legacy’ bears importance not only from the economic recovery perspective but by shoring up the financial vessel’ it goe s a long way in retaining the unchallenged posture of USS enterprise globally.It holds importance as it allows continuance of strings of recovery initiatives taken year back, in the absence of which the policy posture would not only lose its luster but the effort being applied to buttress the confidence would rather lose its very ground. What’s going to be done in the paper? This paper would steer by discussing root cause that ruptured the great balloon while taking into account the amount and extent of damage the great spread have unfurled. This discourse would then lead by rounding up possible steps’ those have been taken and are about to be, lead by their results and possible ramification for the future.We would then highlight other venues and alternatives’ featuring their pros and cons’ thus rounding up our discussion with the present situation on ground lead by some anticipated prognostication about the future concurring outlook. What would be the ge neral conclusion? Our general conclusion would be as vague as had been and exists to be the statistical forecasting models across the financial colossal and economic capitals. We are lingering on bits of every day stats and results while hoping to gain and engender confidence across horizon of politics, consumers, producers and investors.We would be hanging around the ray of hope and light coming across the hazy fog of doubt and tentativeness. BODY Issue/problem In current situation when the Bail-out is out in the market to do wonders and clean up the mess created by all the wrongs and blunders of nearly a decade, just weeks into passing and the same ‘gurus’ conceive no less then a miracle from this quarter a trillion short’ to halt free fall of economy into an abyss of recession. Full scale implosion has rendered shock waves that have taken tool on global scale, the burst of sub-prime bubble, spiraling commodity prices, wide scale collapses and deafening bailout s.But pundits are still in a fix, as they state current spade of crumpling dominos as mere preliminary shock, precluding the greater quake yet to come. With nearly a trillion in bank losses, yet accounting for just a portion of the total conclusive damage’ has brought financial juggernauts of the likes of JP, Merrill, Lehs, Fan & Freds on their knees and a long queue still in waiting, followed by staggering multi trillion in bail outs, yet the spiral sees no end. The rootsFor the past two decades, Americans ‘distracted’ by the direction that its government showed, has been spending much more then they own or allowed by their means, which can be seen by a steady decline of their saving rates that stood at 11% in 80s to -1% today (Jeremy, 2009). The total debt owed by the public amounts to massive $2. 5 trillion without accounting the sub-prime fiasco (Stout, 2008). Of consumption patterns, last decade saw an enormous increase in spending’ bumped up by soari ng housing prices’ though this had been the era of shrinking real wages.Without the wage increases’ riches were being made by selling homes without ever thinking that for how long this cycle would swing, as the point would ultimately reach when stalemate would occur, when people would be left with no money to buy expensive properties. Without such logical thinking, things went on moving so much so that the American home owners extracted nearly $5 trillion since 2001 in various forms like refinancing their mortgages (Stout, 2008), home equity and selling till the dooms day occurred, when whole system based on faltered assumption on the lines of Dot Com collapsed.The reason it has been called ‘distraction’ is the fact that the policies engineered by the government wrongly encouraged the public to tow the dangerous path of callous burning up of goods and services while giving birth to a banking system that fueled this trend, thus slowly and gradually the stru cture moved away from the production and sales, to the addiction of free goods and manipulation of debts. Its severityBut what can been seen are just the ripples of a much greater storm brewing underneath. The enormity of discomfiture can be sensed from the fact that; much touted Financial Bulwarks which had been the symbols of robustness of Western financial system’ shattered one after the other under the weight of digressive mass that they them selves had accumulated. It’s not just a coincidence that all major heavy weights’ having Market capitalism worth economies of whole continents fell in a domino fashion.Chain reaction that imploded out of stray atoms of greed and insatiability, proliferated all out radiation that not only destroyed what ever came in its radius of hazard but contaminated the whole environment’ with effects ready to haunt for decades if not generations to come. From appalling fall of the Lehman to assuaging of Freddies, from taking over of Bears to engulfing of Lynchs, from engineering of Wachovia to warranting AIG, this is the League of Extraordinary Lineage that formed the first line of casualties and wiped out of the face of financial global map.Institutions that bore the brunt of world wars, civil unrest and the jolt of nine-eleven couldn’t hold onto the tremors of massive mortgage eruption. So immense had been the awe that the birth place of free market is forced to ‘nationalize’ the juggernauts of its economy, leaving far lasting scars on its own face. Whether they could ever be healed, doubt it! This patient needs an all out surgery†¦ Key players US is the economy that is run by banks and its derivative financial institutions’ thus it’s the bankers economy.This is the heartland of capitalism’ the motherland of free economy and the greatest champion of demos-cracy. All this comes into being and blends up when we have a strong financial system making up its ba ckbone. Banking industry spreading over a century has gradually formulated an environment where the resilience of economy rests on credit ‘the practice of lending’, thus making customers or more appropriately the consumers as being the second important tier of whole system.Third comes the government that regulates, governs and looks after the regulatory fabric under whose auspices the system works. Fourth comes the wealthy foreign governments that lend their excesses to the US government, financial institutions and its people, acting as investors willing to quench unsubsiding thirst of the whole nation. One way or the other’ the complicity of all four players is there behind spurring the situation out of control and ultimately collapse.And so is the ensuing blame game that is engulfing both the side of Pacific, where the Eastern coast (of pacific) blames the monetary glut of the west for the flow of excessive credit and hence slipping the market while commentator s on the western front criticizes lax regulations that let the wall street and its giant entities to wreck internal havoc to their economy but slipping nullifying their own regulatory frame works.Who ever was responsible’ but one ground on which every body concedes is the let-go attitude of US government that let the bubble grow out of proportion’ the blind eye they let to this fiasco to happen. On every front’ it’s the people (American tax payers) those are to suffer. They lost the credit, lost their homes, lost jobs, burdened their future and indebted their children. For all the follies committed on Wall Street ‘under the auspices of government’ and the preceding foreclosures and bailouts’ these are the ordinary people who are going to pay for each penny being spent’ form their own pockets.What are they trying to achieve To intoxicate the contaminated body. Over the years’ under lax or almost no rules and regulations, A merican banks and insurance and ‘pre-insurance’ industries accumulated charges worth trillions on their balance sheets, which were backed by literally nothing. Thus over the time’ as the mortgage advances climbed up’ it began to create a much bigger vacuum on their back that suddenly ended up in Boom! A shock that made the whole structure collapse under its own weight.Now the government is trying to cleanse this mess, by buying mountains of crap ‘bad assets’ to clear up bank’s balance sheets, keep them until the economy recovers and to sell them back to public when crap turns into something worthy! 5 Thus the underlying cause of this whole drill is to lighten up the bank’s load so that they could get stand again and start functioning by lending. This is vital as banking industry forms the very backbone of US economy and without it their can not be any recovery.This would lead of credit that serves as a fuel for other economic act ivities, the eased credit would halt the fall of other financial and industrial units thus containing the contagion from spread, this stabilization would enhance the investor’s confidence that would ease up the investing and buying constraint that is the cause of pain from other side of equation. Thus the whole bailout or Emergency Economic Stabilization act is a move to stabilize the economy and retort the keel to its original location. Approaches Let us first segregate the two approaches being proposed by two different sects of economists into plan A and B.The former being proposed by the Government and calls for its take over of the whole crisis, the later one to give market the stimulus to act and heal by its own forces. Intervention on such a colossal scale is inconceivable in a country which had been the forefather of free-market and founder of capitalism. Instead of protecting the American Tax Payers, the elected lot seems hell bent in protecting a few. Despising any s anity what so ever, the American government is ready to buy the unsecured assets (otherwise valued at zero) for $65, having a floating market value of mere 25 cents, thus paying 3200% more of their worth (Baker, 2008).RTC (Resolution Trust Corp) made to trace and capture companies before they begin to collapse (Wilson, 2009). It has been created in light of the current Bail out bill that would allow the government to buy bad loans directly from lenders at lower rates that would relieve banks from carrying dead weights, restructure them and sell them off gradually as the market heals and stabilizes, thus mitigating an immediate and blunt affect to the economy and public. Yes, it worked in 80s and banking on its legacy it should work according to Government speculations’ who says an agency is needed to oilify the chocked financial engine.But this agency would work if we tow for plan A, the Bail out etc. What conflicts exists Starting form the fact that United States is the most indebted nation, with a burden of $12 trillion and yearly obligations amounting $500 billion (Bebchuck, 2008), having Forex reserves less then the tiny Taiwan, followed by record budget and trade deficits. To square all, United States economy was in a quagmire already and it’s in ruination after the Big Bang. Various moves on part of Fed to lubricate the economic engine by throwing billions into the parched market seems of little or no help at all.Melting down of financial bulwarks one after the other is evidence of enormity of damage followed by the deafening bail out plan. Isn’t it absurd that US with no money of its own to even buy the Chinese toys is reeling towards this colossal move. From where all this money would come? Print it! No way; a near trillion worth of ‘printed’ Greenback into the market is going to burst yet another balloon of Inflation and nose dive the already struggling Dollar, leading to a chocking scenario. So what else? Borrow more !Already a single country like China holding nearly a trillion worth of US securities would further make America’ the world’s strongest democracy defer to the largest communists (Harvey, 2008). But would they be willing to buy more of the crap US assets? Let’s just forget the world, See who is borrowing. The US Government, but the Government earns nothing of its own. These are the taxes that make and run governments, so more borrowing means added obligations upon the people of United States and their Children and their Grand Children who are being held hostage for the blunders of their own obdurate corporations (Harvey, 2009).Look at the Horizon and see the doom and gloom ? Bears Stern taken over by JP Morgan, Bank of America taking over the 94 years old Merrill Lynch, world’s top insurer AIG pledging for its own insurance (Whalen, 2008), collapse of the 158 year legacy the Lehman Brothers, which had survived the Civil war, world wars, the 9/11 but couldn ’t hold on for this swap, all costing Fed hundreds of billions (Demyanyk, Yuliya S. and Van Hemert, 2008).? Fed Liquidity Program, Economic stimulus package, Federal Housing Admin scheme and further injections has already amounted to $1 trillion (Demyanyk, Yuliya and Van Hemert, 2008). ? The Bail out of Fannie and Freddie alone have price tag of $200 billion (Bardhan, 2008). All but excluding yet another $700 billion proposed bail out for ‘securing’ the faltering US institutions, amounting to a staggering total of $1. 8 trillion!! (Davidoff and Zaring, 2008)The new bill is being floated to each American citizen, with the liability of $5000 each, while keeping aside the $11. 8 trillion of ‘previous’ debt (Davidoff and Zaring, 2008). Now as far as the talk holds for going social or keeping the system capitalist, it doesn’t matter which one operates unless the operators are responsible and sincere to the people who let them operate on their behal f. It is said that the corporate America seems best in capitalist mode as long as the system churns profits and it immediately retorts to being Socialized when faults surfaces.In today’s scenario when all the elements of a healthy financial system are showing pathological signatures of ailments which had been there for long time, but was let to grow to extent of tumor. Yes the Government should move forward as it is their job to cleanse the system of toxics and let the body heal by itself, but wait what we are seeing? Instead of letting the body to recover and reform in its very own ‘natural’ way, the surgeon general is transplanting the whole organs with ‘expectations’ that they won’t be rebelled. What if they would!Then hope the patient would survive. Potential remedies/solutions †¢ Of all the argument, nothing said goes against capitalism and the market system whose strength can be seen in the spread of wealth and economic upheaval of billions of people out of poverty, but the most impressive of its geniuses is its greater healing capacity, the savior fair to purge itself of infections if any that might arise in its body. Today its like an ailing body which needs medication to the extent of strengthening itself and to mend in its own ‘natural’ way rather then forced ministration†¢ There needs to be a global ruling body on the lines of UN that should govern and check world economies and corporations from detracting into direction that would cause harm on global scale. So does the question that’ as to why despite all the warnings by European Central Bank officials, no pre emptive or lets say preventive step was taken at first to check the bubble to expand to such explosive levels and then from a sudden burst? (Bardhan, 2008) If so why wasn’t there no such levy erected to counter the incumbent tide of destructive tsunami†¢ There are more doubts then ever before that the market me chanism of supply and demand triggering ‘fears’ and the so called jolting of ‘confidence’ of investors, leading to massive buying or selling sprees have grown to be shadowy. Proven recently from the Oil price fiasco, its rise and maniac fall clearly shows the manipulative force acting in an unruly fashion. Check the trend which is drifting more towards exploitive ness then genuine speculation (Murphy, 2008).†¢ The whole banking system should be re organized and re founded on a more solid and sound foundations, with revised rules and regulations to halt such a scenario from erupting ever again. Reinvigorating this industry could include equity investment, recapitalization of the bank assets i. e. purchasing the bad assets for cash that would help the fledging industry with the much needed cash while letting the government to exercise a limited control to steer the institutions out of the doldrums (Schwarcz, 2008).†¢ And off course the US Tax payers should not have been dragged to bear the brunt of the debacle and wrong practices of corporate world, which had grown to be voracious and hoggish in its never ending appetite of leasing and lending for windfall profits. Instead of throwing trillions into this engulfing black hole, people should be given relief by letting them pay back through jobs, raised salaries, slashed interests and extended pay back periods. In this respect the Mortgage assistance is necessary’ this could be done in any form i.e either the home owners be given leverage to pay back the borrowed credit by lowering of interest rates, making the payment schedule long enough that should not hamper the life style or the credit for ownership be converted into something like monthly rent’ that would be nominal enough to ward off the burden and wouldn’t render homes unoccupied. CONCLUSION General conclusion & Internal/External forces An incident that took place inside the United States has become a global issue. Thus its not the US alone that is shaping its course’ there are multiple forces now acting on it.Internally the new US administration has taken a shift towards more of stimulating the economy then to put all eggs in caskets of fallen juggernauts. There’s more of realization in extending a helping hand to the Main Street then the Wall, as they believe in giving a push to the unconventional engines of economy to burn then to rectify the more conventional powerhouses’ demise of which lead to this failure. Externally’ all those capitals and their financial entities that had any link in one form or the other has bore the brunt of the great crumple.It’s the sheer size of US economy that can not be ignored, the after shocks of the quake that jolted this land are still being felt across the globe, that transpired into several global integrated moves and till now’ two G20 summits. Issues have now metamorphed and transpired into trade, barriers, national bailouts, global credit, energy†¦and is growing more complex. At the time when single combined stance is direly needed, there’s temptation across the horizon for receding back and protecting own borders by raising the levies across frontiers.The US with all its bailouts can not even come into being without foreign government’s nodes to finance them, America can heal without others lending life saving medicament on credit. And as the fears grow for more nationalistic approach by the US government getting protectionist while confining its bailout money only to the made by American’s industry, fears for back lash from across the shore’ specifically the Pacific would be harmful. Today America needs world more then the opposite, the current recession has already altered focus and has dragged it away.World has benefited and lately suffered from what came out of US shores, what matters now is’ what comes in! What’s the prese nt trend? ‘Glimmers of Hope’ can best describe the present situation as stipulated by the current US President’ supplemented by words of caution that the economy still needed time and a zealous effort to heal lest recoil. The statement might be true if put into context that the free fall is not that free now and things have begun to look less awry and not outwardly defiled.Stock exchange can be seen to trek towards damage attenuation, SMEs are showing desire for loans thus setting forth the signs that they have begun to trust the banking entity ‘again’, tax reductions announced in all of previous packages would soon bear fruit by leveraging pay checks to ease’ thus paving way for mortgage industry to palliate as it offers worthwhile deals because of the all-time-low prices (Spetalnick, 2009). Global economy has become immensely complicated to predict, overly complex to control and wild enough to steer, once disturbed’ it listens to its own.Economies have momentum; it can not be stopped and accelerated by the push and pull of pedals. So is the current situation, despite all the predictions and dooms day scenarios sketched by ‘eminent’ economist of the looming Depression’ the fall seems to lose it g! the burst seems to lose its steam and indications. Though the foreclosures are still there and so are the job and credit loses but they have simple lost the glitter. With bailout replaced by stimulus, the ointment has been replaced by healthy diet to kindle the body to heal on its own. What’s speculation for the future?â€Å"The American moment is not over, but it must be seized anew† Barack Obama, (McCain, 2009) divulging the very resolution that United States is not ready to subside rather it is there to retrieve the lost insight. USA stands to embark on a path to New Leadership with new vision suffused by common principles of humanity, security, justice and above all’ equality , but how can it assume the burden of Global Leadership amid haze of thickening economic extremity? The new commander-in-chief has got a colossal task on his hands’ would he be able to mould new leaf among the folio of history?Dispelling the Dooms day prognostication and economy-on-the-rupture speculations’ there exist a fair chance that the United States economy would be saved and so be the world. No matter how deep the fissures go’ sheer size of US economy would render it afloat, the world as we know today could not and would not let the economic colossal to collapse. Nevertheless on the realistic front, yes enormous amount of damage still roams across and severe confidence deficit exists both on the producer and consumer side’ that could only be addressed by bitter short term moves and bolder long term policies.References Admin, â€Å"World banks make emergency rate cuts. † 700billiondollarbailoutplan 08 Oct 2008 Web. 18 Apr 2009. http://www. 70 0billiondollarbailoutplan. com/2008/10/world-banks-make-emergency-rate-cuts/ Admin, â€Å"The 8 trillion dollar bailout. † 700billiondollarbailoutplan 06 jan 2009 Web. 19 Apr 2009. http://www. 700billiondollarbailoutplan. com/tag/700-billion-dollar-bailout-plan/ Baker, Dean. â€Å"An interview with Dean Baker on the US$ 700bn bailout of financial institutions. † global subsidies initiative 6 nov 2008 Web. 19 Apr 2009. http://www. globalsubsidies.org/en/subsidy-watch/commentary/an-interview-with-dean-baker-us-700bn-bailout-financial-institutions Bardhan, Ashok Of Subprimes and Subsidies: â€Å"The Political Economy of the Financial Crisis† SSRN (October 2008): http://ssrn. com/abstract=1270196 Bebchuck, Lucian. â€Å"A Plan for Addressing the Financial Crisis . † SSRN 28 Sep 2008 24. Web. 18 Apr 2009. . Christopher, Lamy. â€Å"The Financial Crisis of 2008:† SSRN 05 Oct 2008 Web. 17 Apr 2009. http://ssrn. com/abstract=1274337 Demyanyk, Yuliya S. and Van Hemert, Otto, â€Å"Understanding the Subprime Mortgage Crisis† SSRN 5 Dec 2008 http://ssrn.com/abstract=1020396 Davidoff, Steven M. and Zaring, David T. ,Big Deal: â€Å"The Government's Response to the Financial Crisis† SSRN (November 24, 2008). : http://ssrn. com/abstract=1306342 Harvey, Campbell. â€Å"The Financial Crisis of 2008: What Needs to Happen after TARP. † SSRN 05 Oct 2008 Web. 17 Apr 2009. http://ssrn. com/abstract=1274327 Jeremy, â€Å"Full Text and Details of the Proposed $700 Billion Government Bailout Bill – Draft Submitted Sunday Evening. † genxfinance 28 sep 2008 Web. 19 Apr 2009. McCain, John. â€Å"An Enduring Peace Built on Freedom Securing America's Future . † Foreign Affairs Dec 2007 Web. 19 Apr 2009. Murphy, Austin. An Analysis of the Financial Crisis of 2008: Causes and Solutions† SSRN (November 4, 2008): http://ssrn. com/abstract=1295344 Stout, david. â€Å"The Wall Street Bailout Plan, Explained. â €  the NYT 20 SEP 2008 Web. 18 Apr 2009. . Schwarcz, Steven L. â€Å"Understanding the ‘Subprime' Financial Crisis†SSRN (October 30, 2008). : http://ssrn.com/abstract=1288687 Spetalnick, Matt. â€Å"Obama sees signs of economic progess. † Reuters 11 apr 2009 Web. 19 Apr 2009. . Ryan , Stephen. â€Å"Accounting in and for the Subprime Crisis. † SSRN 26 March 2008 Web. 18 Apr 2009. http://ssrn. com/abstract=1115323 Whalen, Christopher. â€Å"The Subprime Crisis: Cause, Effect and Consequences. † SSRN 1 mar 2008 Web. 18 Apr 2009. . Wilson, Linus. â€Å"Debt Overhang and Bank Bailouts. † SSRN 02 Feb 2009 Web. 17 Apr 2009. http://ssrn. com/abstract=1336288

The current strengths and weaknesses of sterling Free Essay Example, 1000 words

The falling trend of the pound sterling with respect to the Euro can also be seen in Figure 1 (See appendix). (x-rates) The chart that plots the Euro against the Pound Sterling shows how drastically the value of the Sterling fell with respect to the Euro from the year 2008 to the year 2009. What can also be observed is that the value fell the most in January 2009 and since then it has been rising a little, however the value of the sterling is nowhere near the value that was prevalent prior to January 2008. (x-rates) Figure 3 portrays a more recent relation of the Euro with respect to the pound sterling. Taking the Euro as the base category, the graph shows the increase in the number of the British pounds required for the exchange to 1 Euro from Dec 2009 to April 2010. It also shows that the least value of the sterling was recorded in November 2009 at the rate of 0.911551Â £ to 1 â‚ ¬. The value of the sterling with respect to the American Dollar has also fallen considerably. We w ill write a custom essay sample on The current strengths and weaknesses of sterling or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Figure 2 shows this fact. The graph takes the American Dollar as the base currency with the British pounds on the y-axis. (x-rates) What can be seen from the graph is the fact that the number of the British pounds that are required to get a single dollar have increased from December 2009 to April 2010. The value of the sterling fell to the least in these five months when the exchange rate fell to 0.670345 Â £ to 1 $ on 27th March 2010. Although the value of sterling against the major currencies like the American Dollar and the Euro has been falling, the strength of the sterling with respect to other currencies is a good point for the economy of the United Kingdom. Figure 4 reveals that the value of the sterling against the Japanese Yen has risen from December to mid March. (x-rates) The value reached the maximum on 9th November 2009 when just 0.0066 pounds were needed to get 1 Japanese Yen. Now that the trends in the current strengths and weaknesses of the sterling have been discusses it is important to analyse these trends. The Analysis There are various reasons that may be responsible for the downward trend in the value of the sterling against the other major foreign currencies. According to Ellis (2009), the increase in the national debt of the United Kingdom is one of the reasons of the falling sterling value. Since 2008, the national debt has increased to around 20%. In the year 2009 as Ellis (2009) states, the value of the national debt recorded was 804 billion pounds. The increase of the national debt means that the economy is suffering from a budget deficit.

Compare How Robert Frost and Wilfred Owen Communicate the...

Compare how Robert Frost and Wilfred Owen communicate the theme of loss in ‘Out, Out-’ and â€Å"Disabled†. In the two poems â€Å"Out, Out-† and â€Å"Disabled†, a similar theme of loss is portrayed. Both of these poems deal with the subject of physical loss, as both protagonists of these poems experience accidental amputation. Both Robert Frost and Wilfred Owen manage to captivate their audience’s attention, and also a certain degree of sympathy for the protagonists’ misfortune. They do this successfully, with the use of common literary techniques and linguistic skills, such as simile, metaphor, personification, contrast, and many more literary devices, which range from obvious to very subtle. â€Å"Out, Out-†, written by American poet Robert†¦show more content†¦Within such a short sentence, the boy’s life was simply gone. This use of tripling is very effective, as it may symbolise a heartbeat, slowly beating away, to its fate. The dashes further enhance this, as they make the reader pause in the gaps between the words, making the â€Å"heartbeats† seem further and further apart, and eventually dying away. Another quote which gives the reader a sense of loss is the final stanza of the poem: â€Å"And they, since they were not the ones dead, turned to their affairs†, in line 33-34. This quote, to put into simpler words, means that the people who were working with this young boy (who happen to be his family), had better things to do than to care for the death of this young boy, and simply turned away, and got back to work. This action seems alarmingly heartless, but nevertheless, Frost very successfully makes the jreaders feel a hug e sense of loss. This line once again shows how meaningless and vulnerable life is. Written in the 1910s by Wilfred Owen, â€Å"Disabled† is a poem describing the experience of a young soldier losing his limbs after fighting in World War I. He later gets discriminated against, and feels isolated and regretful of his naà ¯ve reason to go to war. As opposed to â€Å"Out, Out-â€Å", â€Å"Disabled† does not have an ambiguous title at all. The word â€Å"disabled† is

Essay on Henrik Isbens A Dolls House - 1015 Words

Independence nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Most of us live a life where we do what we want and when we want without anyone telling us how to live our lives. This wasn’t the case in A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, where he illustrates to us how one woman lives a life through her father and husband. Throughout the play we see how a once childish like woman gains her independence and a life of her own. Ibsen shows us a very realistic play that demonstrates how on the outside Nora and Torvald seem to have it all. While in reality their life together is simply empty until Nora stands up for herself and starts to build her own life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Nora Helmer was a fragile character that relied on her husband for her own†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Through their everyday conversation, Nora and Torvald reveal that they have a relationship full of meaningless talk and games. â€Å"Is that my little squirrel rummaging around†, Torvald questions Nora. â€Å"Yes!† (1569) she answers, running up to Torvald like a puppy. Because of her childish attitude, Torvald must have assumed that Nora was always happy and carefree. What reason would there be for meaningful conversation if she never obliged? Their relationship consisted of nothing truly real. Everything they talked about or enjoyed together was fun, games, and for show. Often times Torvald would even scold Nora like he would a child and wave his finger in disapproval. â€Å"Surely my sweet tooth hasn’t been running riot in town today, has she?†(1571) Then, Nora would respond as a young child would fac e punishment, â€Å"You know I could never think of going against you.† Then Torvald responded, â€Å"No, I understand that; and you have given me your word† (1571). I believe much of their marriage was ruined by their childish behaviors and antics; never telling each other the truth, living lies, and playing foolish games with each other. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Together they didn’t communicate feelings or love through their relationship. Torvald however, did give Nora money and things she asked for, but he did not give her the respect and devotion she needs. 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Arena Theatre in Wolverhampton Essay Example For Students

Arena Theatre in Wolverhampton Essay I went to a live theatre trip to watch ‘Bouncers’ on Friday 9th December at the Arena Theatre in Wolverhampton.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœBouncers’ is written by John Godber and is set in and around a nightclub called ‘Mr Cinders’, with the action focusing on the exploits of four doormen and their customers. Multi-rolling is used mainly when the four bouncers tell the stories of different stereotypical men and women. For example when Godber contrasts a male and female hairdressers, the woman talk about their big night out, and what they are wearing. For the men however, again they plan their night out, but are discussing the possibility of pulling. Direct Address and Monologues are predominately used by the character ‘Lucky Eric’. Eric delivers his speeches throughout the play. During his first he talks about young girls dressed up and made up, spending everything they make on their nights out at the weekend, drinking too much and succumbing to the advances of men. ‘Lucky Eric’s’ speeches are used to slip in messages about the negative features of nightlife. I like how Godber has done this to change the mood of the audience. When watching I would go from Laughing to being very serious listening to Eric’s speeches. During the start of act two, Direct Address is used again when the Bouncers acknowledge the audience, asking what they are laughing at. This was effective because it pulled your attention straight back after the interval. These techniques are the key characteristics of the play, and are included and used effectively throughout. The set is very minimal for ‘Bouncers’ and includes 4 barrels and a nightclub door. I think the minimalist set works really well because it doesn’t take the attention away from the actors. The quick pace and lack of set means that the actors have only themselves to rely on in making each character and location come to life.  The four actors wear suits to resemble bouncers. Wearing suits worked especially well during the interval and before we entered the arena. The four Bouncers stood outside the theatre in the foyer, and let the audience in like actual bouncers, breaking the fourth wall. They also patrolled the arena and foyer during the interval, staying in character. This gave the illusion that they werent acting. This worked well because the play changes direction frequently which makes it difficult for the audience to relax. Therefore their minds stay alert and questioning. I thought the play was very interesting and comical to watch, and I loved how the comic parts of the play are harshly contrasted with serious issues about nightlife. We see this contrast when ’Lucky Eric’ performs his monologues. I like this because it keeps the audiences minds active. My favourite part of the play was when the scene changes and the bouncers become the girls again. They are on the dance floor. Rosie feels sick and then sees her boyfriend kissing another girl. The tears flow. This was my favourite part because of the stereotypical emotional women and the over the top scenarios helped portray the different characters. Another part of the play I enjoyed was when the Bouncers are complaining about the cold and are planning to watch a pornographic film when their shift ends. Soon after Ralph and Eric become characters in the porn film and act out a scene whilst Les and Judd provide a running commentary. This was effective because of its comic value but also backed up Godber’s stereotypical man. Lucky Eric was my favourite character In particular since I enjoyed his thoughtful speeches which were a quiet lull amid all the shouting. I also liked Eric because he speaks directly to and acknowledges the audience. Eric tells the other bouncers that his wife has left him, taking the children with him which gives us an insight about why Eric is such a disturbed man, which adds another layer to the piece, and most people would agree that the sequence in which Suzy is taken advantage of behind the club is one of the most disturbing and memorable in the play, a scene in which Eric tells. There was underlying 21st century music playing constantly throughout the play that gave the audience the feeling of being inside and out of the Night club. Many references to singers and celebrities of this century brought the play up to date, which made it more enjoyable for a younger target audience. .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d , .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .postImageUrl , .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d , .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d:hover , .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d:visited , .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d:active { border:0!important; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d:active , .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u81524b96f70d2c137abd1fbd6c4d4b2d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The rehearsal of Martin Guerre EssayI would recommend this performance because it gave me an insight on nightlife and even though it was comical, Godbers exposed a much more profound subject, whilst also showing the stereotypical nature of what the youth of the day did. In the lads, the girls and the bouncers Godber tries to convey that these characters are typical of Britain. He shows the funny side of the way in which young people act whilst also unearthing a more sinister subject in suggesting that drink is changing the nation. We see it in all of the characters. For example, the lads were talking amongst themselves very nicely before they go, however, once they leave, a fight breaks out in the club when they have had a little too much to drink. Bouncers also mixes styles – for example, prose, verse and song are blended together. This also serves to keep the audience’s minds active. The language is shaped so that it is clearly recognisable to the plays target audience. This was clear because the script has bold and crude lines but also clever innuendos, which was funny for an older and younger audience. The cast of ‘Bouncers’ switched seamlessly from their roles as club bouncers, to lads on the make and even giggly girls portraying the youth of the day preparing for the big night out. This was outrageous, and even a little sinister. Overall I think ‘Bouncers’ is a clever, funny and interesting play. I think the small arena and staging worked well because it enabled you to feel close to the characters, a sentiment they intended to evoke and made the monologues have more impact. I loved how they brought the script up to date by including relevant jokes and features that the youth of today understand. It had quick pace and kept my mind questioning. All things considered, this thoroughly enjoyable rendition of Godber’s comedy provided an entertaining night.

Service Encounter Service Enquiry Desk in a Library

Executive Summary A service encounter is an essential aspect for any organization. This is because, it gives the definition of the direct interaction exhibited between service firms and their clients. A service encounter is the foundation of building trust in customers with regard to service offering of an organization. In addition to this, a service encounter serves as the basis in which customer satisfaction is realized.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Service Encounter: Service Enquiry Desk in a Library specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Without service encounters, a business cannot realize its targets. Service encounter links up the business with the clients through interaction. Further, it is through service encounters that a firm can realize its position in the competitive market. Precisely, it is through service encounters that the extent of market share an organization is associated with will be determined . The desirability as well as the quality of the service encounter are vital elements and as such, a firm should consider sufficiently when making decisions regarding the most viable service encounter that should be undertaken. Introduction Foremost, a service represents the action of executing or performing something for something or even someone. Usually, a service is intangible. Therefore, a service context has involved the creation of a series of challenges for the manager assigned to the duties of marketing for; he has the responsibility of communicating the benefits of a certain service. He does this by drawing parallels while incorporating imagery as well as the ideas, which not only can they be identified but are also tangible (Hoffman, Kelley Rotalsky 2005). Service marketing as a subgroup of marketing can be categorized into two, that is; marketing of fast moving consumer goods and durables better referred to as FMCG and service marketing. Typically, the service marketing concept pertains to both business to business and business to consumer services. It includes such aspects as telecommunication, hospitality, air travel, financial and professional services among others.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The practice of service encounter A service encounter is a term commonly used to define the direct interaction exhibited by service firms and its customers (Bitner et al. 1990). According to many scholars, a service encounter can assume three forms, which include; telephone encounters, remote encounters as well as face to face encounters. With regard to remote encounters, they basically involve interactions, which are technology based and as such; they are usually between as a customer and a machine or self service devices such as vending machines. In these forms of encounters, there are no human actors from the firm involved. Contrary to thi s form of service encounter, telephone as well as face to face encounters involves human interactions (Carlzon 2007). Thesis statement For the purpose of this paper, a remote service encounter will be considered as one that might occur in my organization. My organization is a library where people come and assess the academic materials. In the near future, the organization is contemplating introducing a service inquiry desk where students will get help from qualified librarians. From this desk, the students will be able to establish the range of books regarding a certain topic and be helped to know where they are situated in the library. In addition to this, from this inquiry desk, the students will be able to borrow books for a specified period of time depending on the level of education being pursued. The rationale for selecting this service encounter is that; value will be created and therefore student’s satisfaction. Discussion Elements of the service encounter A service e nquiry desk is constituted of both the tangible as well as the intangible elements. In order to understand these, a Shostack’s molecular established in the early 1980s will be used. It is a molecular model and as such, it utilizes the aspect of analogy in an effort towards helping in the visualization as well as in the management of the total marketing entity by the marketers. Usually, the model is applicable to both products as well as services. She made an important and worthwhile observation that, just like in chemical formulations; a change in one element can cause a significant change to the entity (Grà ¶nroos 2007).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Service Encounter: Service Enquiry Desk in a Library specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Service elements are both tangible (peripheral evidence) and the intangible (essential evidence) elements. Tangible (peripheral evidence) elements According to Shostack ’s molecular model, tangible or peripheral evidence refers to the elements possessed as part and parcel of the purchase. In addition to this, these elements have insignificant independent value. In our case, the library membership card will serve as the tangible element. A library membership card is of insignificant value when held outside the library but useful when inquiring at the service enquiry desk in the library. Intangible (Essential evidence) elements These elements exist in service inquiry desk in a library but they can never be possessed by the students. Usually, the intangible elements of service inquiry desk encounter are extremely dominant with regard to its impact on the use of the service by the students (Hoffman, Kelley Rotalsky 2005). The intangible element will include the sudden desire as well as enthusiasm for our services by the students upon the introduction of this new service. Critical incidents for the same service encounter In order to effectively assess the critical incident for the same service encounter, a critical incident technique advanced by Bitner et al (1990) will be used. As such, the technique can be identified as a set of procedures commonly used to collect direct observations pertaining to the way the human beings behave. The behaviours to be considered in the technique should have a critical significance and in addition to this, they must be able to meet the methodically stipulated criteria. Critical incidents arise whenever producers as well as the consumers of the service produce come together in a service encounter (Zeithaml, Bitner Gremler 2006).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The inquiry service enquiry desk is classified as a high involvement personal service and as such, it is in the same class with health care services (Halstead, Drogue Cooper 2003). Such operations as direct examination of both the clinical staff as well as the researchers serve as good examples of health care service encounters. To elaborate this further, using the critical incident technique, there is a possibility that a clinician will be able to learn much about his role within the scope of a clinical setting. Further, the technique is beneficial to the clinician as he will be able to realize more on his practice from a wide coverage role. Taking health care research into consideration, critical incident technique is identified as not only a vital but also a very significant resource. The reason for this is; it assists ideally in the identification of the patient’s experiences in the health care setting. In addition to this, it assists in the exploration of interactions b etween patients and providers. Strategies outline and evaluation In my organization the use of a service enquiry desk by the students is the targeted service encounter and as such, it is not yet operational. Once the service is underway, there are several risks associated. One of the major risks is service failure. Once a service failure surfaces, efforts are made in order for the service to recover from the failure (Palmer 2008). Generally, whether there is a service failure or not, creation of student’s satisfaction should not be overlooked since it is a vital element. This implies that; student’s satisfaction plays a significant role in the development, performance success and the longevity of the service enquiry desk operations. The underlying thing about the entire subject of failure of a service inquiry desk encounter is intriguing. While failures in the operations of the service encounter can prove to be disastrous in a considerable number of circumstances, they present themselves as sources of learning, which are uniquely valuable, for the service encounter operations. With regard to three aspects, it is necessary to establish and evaluate strategies that will make good of the underlying situations. Strategies to prevent service failure Detection of possible failures (Risk Management strategy) In today’s libraries, the need of risk management aspect has been identified. Risk management involves establishing measures to help in detecting potential failures as well as their sources before they surface. For the service enquiry desk encounter, it will involve the visualization of each and every possible reason as to why there might be a failure of the encounter and what should be the most effective way to deal with this failure if it eventually surfaces. In effect, the library manager will have to make attempts of simulating what might come to happen to this library service. Usually, detection of potential failures involves a sequence of events that are likely to happen and therefore working through them. However, one must first understand the sequence before commencing the task. Maintenance The maintenance strategy is considered as the decision as to whether to attempt the task of failure prevention while making use of preventive maintenance or to leave it all and allow the occurrence of failures and thereby making amendments by repairing the failures. For an encounter such as service enquiry desk in a library, prevention strategy rather than breakdown maintenance strategy is more viable considering both the extent of financial forego and continuity of internal library services. Yet most activities pertaining to maintenance in practice are still focused on breakdown maintenance, which is reactive. However, with the rise of knowledge on the aspect of total service encounter maintenance, adherence is being gained (Palmer 2008). In order to prevent failure of service desk enquiry encounter, the detection strategy w ill be mainly focused on. The rationale behind this is that, failures, which are likely to hamper the effective operation of the service, will be established and as such, measures will be put in place and therefore, there will be no difficulty or wastage of time in restoring the operational level of the service if failures actually occur. Recovery from service failure strategies It is not necessarily that the presence of a a service failure means a disaster for the library and the students. If there are efficient strategies put in place to respond to any failure surfacing, aspects such as student’s satisfaction, loyalty as well as trust can increase. According to Halstead, Drogue Cooper (2003), when a company recovers a failed service, commitment as well as trust between an organization and the customer is built and maintained. Students will indeed talk positive things regarding the library and this enhances its image. Provision of the right type of justice strategy From the customer’s perspective, a good service recovery tends to focus extensively on justice as well as fairness. This strategy is usually constituted of three dimensions which include; Distributive justice This is the outcome of the recovery situation. An example of this includes an apology from the person behind the service enquiry desk. Procedural justice This pertains to the way the processes involved in the recovery process works. Interactional justice This pertains to the manner in which the students are treated one of the disadvantages of this strategy is that the students will be dissatisfied with the efforts towards recovery. This is because; while the librarians will exceedingly emphasize the distributive justice, the importance of process as well as interactional justice will be overlooked. Understanding the problem’s scale The underlying fact put into consideration in this strategy is that; it is only through the establishment of the true scale of dissatisfaction of a student that the library management will see and therefore prepare adequately against the crisis of imminent service enquiry desk failure (Berry, Seiders Grewal 2002). This strategy advocates that there is a necessity of the library management establishing a service culture that focuses on engaging with the students while requesting for honest responses irrespective of whether they are painful or friendly in nature. Further, this strategy advocates for finding out what is being rumoured in blogs, and other websites pertaining the inquiry desk services. By getting a clear idea regarding the range of problems that the students are experiencing, the service desk inquiry management can put efforts in defining and therefore prioritizing the areas that need improvement (Hoffman, Kelley Rotalsky 2005). Encouraging complaints from the students This strategy insists that the students who don’t complain are also valuable to the library. In addition to this, the strategy asserts that these students pose a significant extent of danger to the library. Provision of incentives in order to reduce the extent of customer complaints leads to a false believe among the librarians that few complains means an improvement of services while more complains signifies unqualified services. Ensuring student satisfaction with the service Student satisfaction pertains to keeping the students happy with the offerings provided by the service enquiry desk. One of the mistakes that librarians make is that they believe that immediately the service is offered, follow up actions on librarian’s behalf of the students is not necessary. The following are the strategies that ensure that the student is satisfied with the service Start before selling Way before the student purchases the library service, it is necessary that the management of the library makes them feel as if they are the most vital elements around. In addition to this, the library must ensure that the service desk is sufficiently staffed for the sake of enquiries from the students, and as such, this guarantees a pleasant experience for the student prior to assessing the service. Following up on the sale Making follow ups after the student has purchased the service is very essential as it lead to gaining insight both on the library’s levels of service from the client’s perspective as well as reviews and feedbacks concerning the service purchased by the student. Even though the student might use the service, there might be instances where he is not wholly satisfied with the service. If follow up actions are put into place by the library, the situation is easily noted and rectified and the needs addressed. Conclusion and recommendations From this analysis, it is evidently clear that service encounters are the main operational attributes of an organization. As such, service encounters link the customers to the company. According to Shostack’s molecular model, a service encoun ter is constituted of two elements which includes; tangible (peripheral evidence) elements as well as Intangible (Essential evidence) elements. Service encounters are categorized into four with each category constituted with similar levels of service encounters. An example of these is high involvement personal service category constituted by health services as well as personal services (Bitner et al. 1990). Different service encounters in the same category have similar elements and as such, a critical incident technique can be used to establish incident encounters (Halstead, Drogue Cooper 2003). Service encounters are subject to failures and as such, strategies should be put in place to avoid or mitigate these failures. Failure detection as well as maintenance is the most viable strategies used in failure prevention. However, failure detection is the most preferable as it is cost effective. With reference to recovery, the most ideal strategies include; encouraging complaints from t he customers as well as provision of the right type of justice strategy. Blending these strategies is the advisable for any operating company. In order to ensure that the customer satisfaction with the service is enhanced, strategies such as service recommendations, following up on the sale as well as starting before selling. Just like for failure recovery strategies, it is necessary that a Company blends these strategies to fully realize customer satisfaction (Grà ¶nroos 2007). References Berry, L.L, Seiders, K Grewal, D 2002, ‘Understanding Service Convenience’, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 1–17. Bitner et al. 1990, ‘The predicament of injustice: The management of moral outrage’, Research in Organizational Behaviour, Vol. 9, pp. 289–319. Carlzon, J 1987, Moments of Truth, Ballinger Books, Cambridge, MA. Grà ¶nroos, C 2007, Service management and marketing: Customer management in service, John Wiley Son, Chichester. Halstead, D, Drogue, C Cooper, MB 2003, ‘Product warranties and post purchase service: A model of consumer satisfaction without complaint resolution’, Journal of Services Marketing, Vol.7 no. 1, pp. 33–40. Hoffman, KD, Kelley, SW Rotalsky, HM 2005, ‘Tracking service failures and employee recovery efforts’, Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 2, pp. 49–61. Palmer, A 2008, Principles of services marketing, McGraw Hill, Glasgow. Zeithaml, VA, Bitner, M.J Gremler, D.D 2006, Services marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm, McGraw-Hill Education, Boston, Mass. This report on Service Encounter: Service Enquiry Desk in a Library was written and submitted by user Karlee O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.